卡巴内尔画作《塔玛》介绍与左拉的尖锐批评
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[[File:Alexandre cabanel, thamar, 1875, 01.JPG|500px|right|Thamar (1875), by Alexandre Cabanel]][[File:Alexandre cabanel, thamar, 1875, 01.JPG|500px|right|Thamar (1875), by Alexandre Cabanel]]
'''Thamar'''is a painting by [[Alexandre Cabanel]]. It was first exhibited at the [[Salon (Paris)|salon]] of 1875 and is currently in the [[Musée d'Orsay]], [[Paris]].'''''Thamar''''', sometimes also called '''''Tamar and Absalom''''' is a painting by [[Alexandre Cabanel]]. It was first exhibited at the [[Salon (Paris)|salon]] of 1875 and is currently in the [[Musée d'Orsay]], [[Paris]].
==Provenance====Provenance==
•
Revision as of 16:02, 27 June 2026
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alexandre_cabanel,_thamar,_1875,_01.JPG
Thamar (1875), by Alexandre Cabanel
Thamar, sometimes also called Tamar and Absalom is a painting by Alexandre Cabanel (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_Cabanel). It was first exhibited at the salon (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(Paris)) of 1875 and is currently in the Musée d'Orsay (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay), Paris (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris).
Provenance
The paint was purchased by the French Ministry of Education from the 1875 salon for the Musée du Luxembourg (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Luxembourg) where it remained until 1892.[[1]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-1) Transferred to the Louvre (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre), it remained there until 1927. Then from 1927 to 2013 it was exhibited at the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nice (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_de_Nice) before being transferred to the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.[[2]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-Orsay-2)
The painting became widely known through an 1878 lithograph printed by Charles Baude for "The chefs-d'oeuvre d'art of the International exhibition," by [[Earl Shinn]. A lithograph printed in colour was published in _Le Petit Journal (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Petit\Journal(newspaper))_ on 4 February 1893 and there were many other copies and reproductions.[[3]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-Morgan-3)
Composition
https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/254971
https://stephengjertsongalleries.com/alexandre-cabanel-the-tradition-of-beauty/
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1iMxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA332&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3sZDt9KWVAxUBOnoKHQemGGo4MhDoAXoECAkQAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vZOGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA209&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiove206aWVAxWAXEEAHcaAEPMQ6AF6BAgPEAM#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jpOUEQAAQBAJ&pg=PA54&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiH1-n386WVAxX2Q_EDHbI2ATM4HhDoAXoECA0QAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uwsBOU0a6KYC&pg=PA241&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3sZDt9KWVAxUBOnoKHQemGGo4MhDoAXoECAgQAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bGvwAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA343&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz95-n9aWVAxWuRPEDHdKpIDs4PBDoAXoECA4QAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1XtlAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA339&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwif4-HM9aWVAxURS_EDHdsoPTY4RhDoAXoECAoQAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
Exhibition history
• 1875 - Salon - Palais des Champs Elysées, Paris
• 1878 - _Exposition Universelle (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposition\Universelle(1878))_ - Palais du Trocadéro (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais_du_Trocad%C3%A9ro), Paris[[4]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-4)
• 1883 - Internationalen Kunstausstellung - Glaspalast (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaspalast_(Munich)), Munich (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munich)[[5]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-5)
• 1979 - Chers maîtres & Cie - Peintures françaises de 1818 à 1914 dans les collections des musées de Nice - Galerie des Ponchettes, Nice (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nice)
• 1982 - Od Courbeta k Cezannovi - National Gallery Prague (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Gallery_Prague)
• 1982 - Od Courbeta k Cézannovi. Obrazy z let 1848-1886 ze sbírek francouzských muzeí- Valdstejnska Jizdarna, Prague,
• 1982-3 - _de: Von Courbet bis Cézanne – Französische Malerei 1848–1886 (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Courbet_bis\C%C3%A9zanne\%E2%80%93_Franz%C3%B6sische_Malerei\1848%E2%80%931886) - National Gallery (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Gallery_(Berlin)), Berlin (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin)
• 2010-11 - Alexandre Cabanel, la tradition du beau - Musée Fabre (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Fabre), Montpellier (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montpellier)[[6]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-Gjertson-6)
• 2011 - Alexandre Cabanel. Die Tradition des Schönen - Wallraf–Richartz Museum (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallraf%E2%80%93Richartz_Museum)& Fondation Corboud, Cologne (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne)
• 2014 - Musée d'Orsay. Capolavori - Victor Emmanuel II Monument (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_Monument), Rome (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome)
• 2015 - El canto del cisne. Pinturas académicas del Salón de Paris. Colecciones Musée d'Orsay- es: Fundación Mapfre (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundaci%C3%B3n_Mapfre), Madrid (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid)[[7]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-7)
• 2017-18 - Gefeiert und verspottet: französische Malerei 1820-1880 - Kunsthaus Zürich (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunsthaus_Z%C3%BCrich)[[8]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-8)
• 2026 - Youssef Nabil. De rêver encore- Musée d'Orsay, Paris[[9]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-9)
Critical reception
https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/artworks/thamar-et-absalon-dapres-cabanel-82570
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TJ443e7JSZoC&pg=PA4&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwik8vW49KWVAxWFVfEDHcYZPUE4KBDoAXoECAwQAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://www.societe-cezanne.fr/2017/05/12/how-paul-cezanne-rejected-the-fini-concept/
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1cohAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA14&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiove206aWVAxWAXEEAHcaAEPMQ6AF6BAgLEAM#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1KAEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA691&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiove206aWVAxWAXEEAHcaAEPMQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4bsgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA28&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwif4-HM9aWVAxURS_EDHdsoPTY4RhDoAXoECA0QAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0evpAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA293&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjx1c3-9aWVAxWUQ_EDHW_oBGs4UBDoAXoECA4QAw#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false
Emile Zola (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emile_Zola) was one of Cabanel’s harshest and most enduring critics. Of Thamar he said:
Tamar, insulted by Amnon, weeps on the lap of her brother Absalom. The painting depicts a half-naked woman. She sobs, her head hidden in the lap of a man who is also half-naked. Cabanel wanted to shine through the perfection of his craft and eclipse Delacroix. He painted a room of rare oriental splendor, with tapestries, jewels, and lighting effects. For added depth, he placed a Black woman in the background. And all these efforts come to nothing: the painting remains pretentious and characterless. It doesn't even strike the eye. The gray stamp of the government is applied to all the figures and washes them out. It is a composition without flaw or merit; the most deadly mediocrity speaks through it; it is an art composed of all the old formulas, renewed by the skillful hand of an apprentice craftsman. (An Exhibition of Paintings in Paris, Letters from Paris, June 1875)[[10]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_note-10)
References
1. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-1)L'Artiste revue de l'art contemporain · Volume 27 (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=SErOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA218&dq=cabanel+thamar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiove206aWVAxWAXEEAHcaAEPMQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&q=cabanel%20thamar&f=false). Paris: L’Artiste. 1875. p.218. Retrieved 26 June 2026.
2. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-Orsay_2-0)"Thamar" (https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/artworks/thamar-69683). musée-orsay.fr. Musée d’Orsay. Retrieved 26 June 2026.
3. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-Morgan_3-0)"Study for Tamar and Absalom" (https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/254971). themorgan.org. The Morgan Museum. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
4. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-4)Livret-Chaix Guide du visiteur à l'exposition universelle de 1878: Itinéraire en huit et en quatre jours objets remarquables à visiter: Plan colorié (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iCK-uv3mvXgC&pg=PP3&source=gb_mobile_entity&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&gboemv=1&gl=GB&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false). Paris: A, Chaix et Cie. 1878. p.37. Retrieved 26 June 2026.
5. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-5)Neue Augsburger Zeitung 1883,9/12 (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XlT6KCgRGjMC&pg=RA14-PA5&dq=1883+-+Internationalen+Kunstausstellung+-+Glaspalast+thamar+cabanel&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi45_y8j6aVAxX4SUEAHT5xGuQQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&q=1883%20-%20Internationalen%20Kunstausstellung%20-%20Glaspalast%20thamar%20cabanel&f=false). Augsburg: Meier Augsburger Zeitung. 1883. p.3. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
6. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-Gjertson_6-0)"Alexandre Cabanel: The Tradition of Beauty" (https://stephengjertsongalleries.com/alexandre-cabanel-the-tradition-of-beauty/). stephengjertsongalleries.com. Stephen Gjertson Galleries. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
7. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-7)Campos, Carmen. "La bella muerte de la pintura académica en un salón de París" (https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20150213/bella-muerte-pintura-academica-salon-paris/1098473.shtml). rtve.es. Corporación de Radio y Televisión Española. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
8. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-8)Kleisli, Fritz. "Gefeiert oder verspottet?" (https://www.artfritz.ch/MUSE/franz-kunst_gefeiert_und_verspottet_ZH17-18/index.html). artfritz.ch. Artfritz. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
9. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-9)Nabil, Youssef. "Youssef Nabil De rêver encore" (https://www.musee-orsay.fr/fr/magazine/2026-05-20/quatre-oeuvres-des-collections-du-musee-dorsay-vues-par-youssef-nabil). musée-orsay.fr. Musée d’Orsay. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
10. ^ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mccapra/Thamar&diff=1361379638&oldid=1361379503#cite_ref-10)Zola, Emile. "Cabanel (Alexandre) 1823 – 1889" (https://www.cahiers-naturalistes.com/documents/zola-et-arts/ecrits-sur-lart-de-zola/index-general-des-peintres-des-evenements-et-des-romans-cites/cabanel/). cahiers-naturalistes.com. Société littéraire des amis d'Émile Zola. Retrieved 27 June 2026.