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Health & Families (https://www.the-independent.com/life-style/health-and-families) How to keep your house cool without air conditioning during a heatwave Experts say that relying heavily on AC might seem like a natural adaptation, but it comes with hidden costs Mehri Khosravi (https://www.the-independent.com/author/mehri-khosravi)The Conversation Saturday 20 June 2026 03:27 EDT • Copy link • Bookmark • 9 Comments (https://www.the-independent.com/life-style/health-and-families/uk-heatwave-air-conditioner-keep-house-cool-b2999547.html#comments-area)Go to comments Bookmark popover Removed from bookmarks Close popover Video 2 (https://video.primis.tech/uploads/cn1/video/users/hls/31354/video_691c61a43f372727529437/vid6a3638de35e21715469239.mp4/chunklist_1280.m3u8) Powered By 10 Sec 820 10 World Cup 2025: Scotland fans sing Flower of Scotland ahead of Morocco match Next video in Share Next KEEP WATCHING Wildfire breaks out in London amid latest heatwave warning Your support helps us to tell the story Read more Support Now (https://www.the-independent.com/donate?regSourceMethod=Donations) From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or producing our latest documentary, 'The A Word', which shines a light on the American women fighting for reproductive rights, we know how important it is to parse out the facts from the messaging. At such a critical moment in US history, we need reporters on the ground. Your donation allows us to keep sending journalists to speak to both sides of the story. The Independent is trusted by Americans across the entire political spectrum. And unlike many other quality news outlets, we choose not to lock Americans out of our reporting and analysis with paywalls. We believe quality journalism should be available to everyone, paid for by those who can afford it. • *Your support makes all the difference.** Read more With heatwaves (https://www.the-independent.com/topic/heatwaves) becoming hotter and more frequent (https://www.the-independent.com/weather/uk-weather-heatwave-met-office-forecast-temperature-thunderstorm-b2806681.html), demand for air conditioning (https://www.the-independent.com/topic/air-conditioning) is expected to rise significantly. However, if the UK (https://www.the-independent.com/topic/uk) and similar countries respond to hotter summers simply by installing more AC, they risk creating a costly, energy-hungry and more unequal future. But there’s a cooler, smarter way forward. Colleagues and I have surveyed more than 1,600 households across the UK and found that two-thirds used fans in the summer of 2022, and one in five used air conditioning. The vast majority of those AC units were bought during or after that year’s 40°C heatwave – showing how quickly habits can shift. In our survey, 80% of UK homes reported overheating in summer 2022, four times more than a decade ago. By the end of this century, the temperature in the UK is predicted to exceed 40°C every few years. It’s no wonder that the same survey found a sevenfold increase in air conditioning in the decade prior to 2022. open image in gallery One in five homes used air conditioning in the summer of 2022(Getty/iStock) Relying heavily on AC might seem like a natural adaptation, but it comes with hidden costs. Cooling requires huge amounts of energy at the exact moments when demand is already high. In 2022 and 2023, the UK had to briefly restart a coal power plant to keep the lights – and the air conditioners – on. AC also deepens inequalities. For wealthier households, it’s a quick fix. But for others, especially lower socioeconomic groups, it’s a dangerous gap in protection. 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That’s because it’s a lot harder to warm a house than it is to stop heat escaping in the first place. A similar principle applies in summer – “reduce cooling demand first”. open image in gallery We already have a template for tackling winter energy demand – ‘insulation first’(Getty/iStock) Hot climate countries like those in southern Europe have had lots of practice and we can learn from them. That means starting with passive cooling measures that reduce the need for mechanical cooling in the first place. These measures include: • shading and shutters to block sunlight before it enters a building • natural ventilation to let heat escape in cooler hours • reflective and light-coloured surfaces to deflect solar radiation • buildings orientated to minimise heat gain • trees and green infrastructure to cool neighbourhoods. Many of these are low-cost, quick to install and long-lasting. In Rome, for example, window shutters are so common you barely notice them, yet they dramatically reduce the need for mechanical cooling. Once demand is lowered, remaining needs can be met by ACs or reversible heat pumps. Public behaviour matters too Adapting our building design is not enough. We must adapt our behaviour too. In Spain, the hottest hours are for siestas. Outdoor activities are paused, and people are more active in the mornings and evenings. Culturally, they understand that keeping curtains closed during the day and opening windows at night can prevent homes from overheating. In the UK, heat is still culturally framed as “good weather”. Sunny weekends trigger beach trips, barbecues and more outdoor activity, even when it’s dangerously hot. This mismatch between perception and risk is a major public health challenge. open image in gallery UK energy policy is still designed for winter, not summer(Reuters) Even as the climate warms, UK energy policy is still designed for winter, not summer. Energy efficiency programmes often overlook the risk of trapping summer heat inside well-insulated homes. The UK needs to embed overheating risk into housing policy, and needs a clear plan to decarbonise cooling alongside heating. Public risk communication must also catch up. Early warning systems such as red, amber and yellow warnings are great start, but they’re not enough in a country where many people still see 30°C as perfect picnic weather. We need targeted campaigns to shift mindsets and encourage proactive action before the heat arrives. 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This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read theoriginal article (https://theconversation.com/how-britain-can-beat-the-heat-without-becoming-addicted-to-air-conditioning-263017). The 40°C day in 2022 was a wake-up call. We can answer it with more AC – and more bills, emissions and inequality – or we can redesign our buildings, streets and routines to work with the climate not against it. AC will still have a role during extreme heat, but it should be the last resort, not the first instinct. Reduce cooling demand first, meet the rest efficiently – and Britain can stay cool without overheating the planet. 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